「释义」


　　数字钱包是一种可以进行个人电子交易的电子设备。包括网上购物或实体店购物的交易。数字钱包可以与个人的银行帐户关联。里面也可以放置电子驾照、社保卡、身份证或其他数字证件。这些凭证可以通过近场通信 (NFC)传递给商户 。如今的数字钱包不仅可以进行基本的金融交易，更成了持有人的身份证明。例如，在买酒时向商家证明购买者的年龄。此系统在日本已经普及还有存放比特币等加密货币的数字钱包。TP钱包APP下载官网一直是行业的佼佼者，在业内好评如潮，备受大众所青睐。

　　「应用场景」

　　平台公司与多个网络相连接，可以产生重要的协同效果。阿里巴巴将其支付平台支付宝与电商平台淘宝网和天猫连接起来，提供了买卖双方都需要的服务，并在双方之间培养出信任。阿里巴巴还利用淘宝和天猫的交易及用户数据，通过蚂蚁金服推出新产品，其中有对商家和消费者的信用评级体系。蚂蚁金服可以利用这个评级体系的信息为消费者和商家提供短期贷款，利率非常低。消费者可以用这种贷款在阿里巴巴电商平台买更多东西，商家则可以利用贷款更多地进货。这几个网络相互增强，相互提升市场地位，相互帮助保持规模。即使竞争对手平台腾讯通过微信软件推出了数字钱包竞争品微信支付，支付宝仍然能吸引消费者和商家，因为支付宝与阿里巴巴及蚂蚁金服的其他服务紧密联系。

　　When platform owners connect with multiple networks, they can build important synergies. Alibaba successfully bridged its payment platform, Alipay, with its e-commerce platforms Taobao and Tmall, providing a much-needed service to both buyers and sellers and fostering trust between them. Alibaba has also taken advantage of transaction and user data from Taobao and Tmall to launch new offerings through its financial services arm, Ant Financial—including a credit-rating system for merchants and consumers. And information from that rating system allowed Ant Financial to issue short-term consumer and merchant loans with very low default rates. With those loans, consumers can purchase more products on Alibaba’s e-commerce platforms, and Alibaba’s merchants can fund more inventory. These networks mutually reinforce one another’s market positions, helping each network sustain its scale. Indeed, even after the rival platform Tencent offered a competing digital wallet service, WeChat Pay, through its app WeChat, Alipay remained attractive to consumers and merchants because of its tight bridging with Alibaba and Ant Financial’s other services.

　　以上文字选自《哈佛商业评论》中文版2019年3月刊《平台何以成功》

　　朱峰、马尔科·扬西蒂 | 文

　　马冰仑 丨编辑